BANJARMASIN: Seperti cerita dongeng Sleeping Beauty, seorang gadis dari Banjarmasin, Kalimantan, Indonesia meresahkan keluarganya kerana telah tidur selama 13 hari, hingga mencetuskan persoalan tentang penyakit misteri.
Siti Raisa Miranda yang berusia 13 tahun digegaskan ke sebuah hospital tempatan pagi kelmarin setelah mendapat khidmat nasihat dari doktor pakar saraf dan psikiatri dari pusat kesihatan masyarakat setempat, lapor portal berita Kompas.
Menurut bapanya, Mulyadi, anaknya itu mula tidur tanpa henti pada 11 Oktober lalu selepas Siti Raisa selesai menyertai pertandingan olahraga di sekolahnya tetapi hanya terjaga pada 22 Oktober lalu.
Dalam keadaan itu, Siti Raisa dikatakan tertidur dalam posisi terlentang di atas tilam dan tiada pergerakan langsung mahupun bersuara.
Dalam perkembangan berkaitan, Siti Raisa dikatakan masih lagi berada keadaan lemah dan tiada perubahan ketara sejak hari itu.
Mulyadi menjangkakan kemungkinan anakya terkena sindrom Kleine-Levin iaitu masalah gangguan tidur.
"Berkomunikasi pun tiada. Paling kuat dia hanya mengangguk jika ditanya.
"Bagaimanapun, Siti Raisa dikatakan mampu untuk mengunyah dan minum ketika diberi makanan sambil matanya terpejam," ujarnya.
Menurut keluarga dan jiran-jiran yang menziarahi Siti Raisa, gadis itu terus tidur nyenyak dan sesekali berubah posisi. Dia adakalanya kelihatan seolah-olah sudah terjaga dengan mata yang terbuka namun tidak memberi respons yang aktif.
Cerita gadis tidur ini sudah tersebar luas media sosial seluruh Indonesia selepas bapanya memuat naik gambar di Facebook. Gambar-gambar tersebut telah mendapat perhatian netizen yang turut berasa simpati terhadap penyakit Siti Raisa.
Dia kini dirawat Unit Rawatan Rapi (ICU) di hospital berkenaan bagi pemeriksaan lanjut.
What Is Forex?
The foreign exchange market is the "place" where currencies are traded. Currencies are important to most people around the world, whether they realize it or not, because currencies need to be exchanged in order to conduct foreign trade and business. If you are living in the U.S. and want to buy cheese from France, either you or the company that you buy the cheese from has to pay the French for the cheese in euros (EUR). This means that the U.S. importer would have to exchange the equivalent value of U.S. dollars (USD) into euros. The same goes for traveling. A French tourist in Egypt can't pay in euros to see the pyramids because it's not the locally accepted currency. As such, the tourist has to exchange the euros for the local currency, in this case the Egyptian pound, at the current exchange rate.
The need to exchange currencies is the primary reason why the forex market is the largest, most liquid financial market in the world. It dwarfs other markets in size, even the stock market, with an average traded value of around U.S. $2,000 billion per day. (The total volume changes all the time, but as of August 2012, the Bank for International Settlements (BIS) reported that the forex market traded in excess of U.S. $4.9 trillion per day.)
One unique aspect of this international market is that there is no central marketplace for foreign exchange. Rather, currency trading is conducted electronically over-the-counter (OTC), which means that all transactions occur via computer networks between traders around the world, rather than on one centralized exchange. The market is open 24 hours a day, five and a half days a week, and currencies are traded worldwide in the major financial centers of London, New York, Tokyo, Zurich, Frankfurt, Hong Kong, Singapore, Paris and Sydney - across almost every time zone. This means that when the trading day in the U.S. ends, the forex market begins anew in Tokyo and Hong Kong. As such, the forex market can be extremely active any time of the day, with price quotes changing constantly.
Spot Market and the Forwards and Futures Markets
There are actually three ways that institutions, corporations and individuals trade forex: the spot market, the forwards market and the futures market. The forex trading in the spot market always has been the largest market because it is the "underlying" real asset that the forwards and futures markets are based on. In the past, the futures market was the most popular venue for traders because it was available to individual investors for a longer period of time. However, with the advent of electronic trading, the spot market has witnessed a huge surge in activity and now surpasses the futures market as the preferred trading market for individual investors and speculators. When people refer to the forex market, they usually are referring to the spot market. The forwards and futures markets tend to be more popular with companies that need to hedge their foreign exchange risks out to a specific date in the future.
What is the spot market?
More specifically, the spot market is where currencies are bought and sold according to the current price. That price, determined by supply and demand, is a reflection of many things, including current interest rates, economic performance, sentiment towards ongoing political situations (both locally and internationally), as well as the perception of the future performance of one currency against another. When a deal is finalized, this is known as a "spot deal". It is a bilateral transaction by which one party delivers an agreed-upon currency amount to the counter party and receives a specified amount of another currency at the agreed-upon exchange rate value. After a position is closed, the settlement is in cash. Although the spot market is commonly known as one that deals with transactions in the present (rather than the future), these trades actually take two days for settlement.
What are the forwards and futures markets?
Unlike the spot market, the forwards and futures markets do not trade actual currencies. Instead they deal in contracts that represent claims to a certain currency type, a specific price per unit and a future date for settlement.
In the forwards market, contracts are bought and sold OTC between two parties, who determine the terms of the agreement between themselves.
In the futures market, futures contracts are bought and sold based upon a standard size and settlement date on public commodities markets, such as the Chicago Mercantile Exchange. In the U.S., the National Futures Association regulates the futures market. Futures contracts have specific details, including the number of units being traded, delivery and settlement dates, and minimum price increments that cannot be customized. The exchange acts as a counterpart to the trader, providing clearance and settlement.
Both types of contracts are binding and are typically settled for cash for the exchange in question upon expiry, although contracts can also be bought and sold before they expire. The forwards and futures markets can offer protection against risk when trading currencies. Usually, big international corporations use these markets in order to hedge against future exchange rate fluctuations, but speculators take part in these markets as well. (For a more in-depth introduction to futures, see Futures Fundamentals.)
Note that you'll see the terms: FX, forex, foreign-exchange market and currency market. These terms are synonymous and all refer to the forex market.
Read more: Forex Tutorial: What is Forex Trading? https://www.investopedia.com/university/forexmarket/forex1.asp#ixzz525bWN7J6
Follow us: Investopedia on Facebook
Siti Raisa Miranda yang berusia 13 tahun digegaskan ke sebuah hospital tempatan pagi kelmarin setelah mendapat khidmat nasihat dari doktor pakar saraf dan psikiatri dari pusat kesihatan masyarakat setempat, lapor portal berita Kompas.
Menurut bapanya, Mulyadi, anaknya itu mula tidur tanpa henti pada 11 Oktober lalu selepas Siti Raisa selesai menyertai pertandingan olahraga di sekolahnya tetapi hanya terjaga pada 22 Oktober lalu.
Dalam keadaan itu, Siti Raisa dikatakan tertidur dalam posisi terlentang di atas tilam dan tiada pergerakan langsung mahupun bersuara.
"Sebelum ini, anak saya pernah tidur tanpa henti bermula dari tujuh atau lapan hari sehinggalah pernah hampir dua minggu.
Dalam perkembangan berkaitan, Siti Raisa dikatakan masih lagi berada keadaan lemah dan tiada perubahan ketara sejak hari itu.
Mulyadi menjangkakan kemungkinan anakya terkena sindrom Kleine-Levin iaitu masalah gangguan tidur.
"Berkomunikasi pun tiada. Paling kuat dia hanya mengangguk jika ditanya.
"Bagaimanapun, Siti Raisa dikatakan mampu untuk mengunyah dan minum ketika diberi makanan sambil matanya terpejam," ujarnya.
Menurut keluarga dan jiran-jiran yang menziarahi Siti Raisa, gadis itu terus tidur nyenyak dan sesekali berubah posisi. Dia adakalanya kelihatan seolah-olah sudah terjaga dengan mata yang terbuka namun tidak memberi respons yang aktif.
Cerita gadis tidur ini sudah tersebar luas media sosial seluruh Indonesia selepas bapanya memuat naik gambar di Facebook. Gambar-gambar tersebut telah mendapat perhatian netizen yang turut berasa simpati terhadap penyakit Siti Raisa.
"Rawatan masih lagi dijalankan, bagaimanapun doktor masih belum lagi mengenal pasti penyakit yang dialami anak saya," katanya.
Dia kini dirawat Unit Rawatan Rapi (ICU) di hospital berkenaan bagi pemeriksaan lanjut.
What Is Forex?
The foreign exchange market is the "place" where currencies are traded. Currencies are important to most people around the world, whether they realize it or not, because currencies need to be exchanged in order to conduct foreign trade and business. If you are living in the U.S. and want to buy cheese from France, either you or the company that you buy the cheese from has to pay the French for the cheese in euros (EUR). This means that the U.S. importer would have to exchange the equivalent value of U.S. dollars (USD) into euros. The same goes for traveling. A French tourist in Egypt can't pay in euros to see the pyramids because it's not the locally accepted currency. As such, the tourist has to exchange the euros for the local currency, in this case the Egyptian pound, at the current exchange rate.
The need to exchange currencies is the primary reason why the forex market is the largest, most liquid financial market in the world. It dwarfs other markets in size, even the stock market, with an average traded value of around U.S. $2,000 billion per day. (The total volume changes all the time, but as of August 2012, the Bank for International Settlements (BIS) reported that the forex market traded in excess of U.S. $4.9 trillion per day.)
One unique aspect of this international market is that there is no central marketplace for foreign exchange. Rather, currency trading is conducted electronically over-the-counter (OTC), which means that all transactions occur via computer networks between traders around the world, rather than on one centralized exchange. The market is open 24 hours a day, five and a half days a week, and currencies are traded worldwide in the major financial centers of London, New York, Tokyo, Zurich, Frankfurt, Hong Kong, Singapore, Paris and Sydney - across almost every time zone. This means that when the trading day in the U.S. ends, the forex market begins anew in Tokyo and Hong Kong. As such, the forex market can be extremely active any time of the day, with price quotes changing constantly.
Spot Market and the Forwards and Futures Markets
There are actually three ways that institutions, corporations and individuals trade forex: the spot market, the forwards market and the futures market. The forex trading in the spot market always has been the largest market because it is the "underlying" real asset that the forwards and futures markets are based on. In the past, the futures market was the most popular venue for traders because it was available to individual investors for a longer period of time. However, with the advent of electronic trading, the spot market has witnessed a huge surge in activity and now surpasses the futures market as the preferred trading market for individual investors and speculators. When people refer to the forex market, they usually are referring to the spot market. The forwards and futures markets tend to be more popular with companies that need to hedge their foreign exchange risks out to a specific date in the future.
What is the spot market?
More specifically, the spot market is where currencies are bought and sold according to the current price. That price, determined by supply and demand, is a reflection of many things, including current interest rates, economic performance, sentiment towards ongoing political situations (both locally and internationally), as well as the perception of the future performance of one currency against another. When a deal is finalized, this is known as a "spot deal". It is a bilateral transaction by which one party delivers an agreed-upon currency amount to the counter party and receives a specified amount of another currency at the agreed-upon exchange rate value. After a position is closed, the settlement is in cash. Although the spot market is commonly known as one that deals with transactions in the present (rather than the future), these trades actually take two days for settlement.
What are the forwards and futures markets?
Unlike the spot market, the forwards and futures markets do not trade actual currencies. Instead they deal in contracts that represent claims to a certain currency type, a specific price per unit and a future date for settlement.
In the forwards market, contracts are bought and sold OTC between two parties, who determine the terms of the agreement between themselves.
In the futures market, futures contracts are bought and sold based upon a standard size and settlement date on public commodities markets, such as the Chicago Mercantile Exchange. In the U.S., the National Futures Association regulates the futures market. Futures contracts have specific details, including the number of units being traded, delivery and settlement dates, and minimum price increments that cannot be customized. The exchange acts as a counterpart to the trader, providing clearance and settlement.
Both types of contracts are binding and are typically settled for cash for the exchange in question upon expiry, although contracts can also be bought and sold before they expire. The forwards and futures markets can offer protection against risk when trading currencies. Usually, big international corporations use these markets in order to hedge against future exchange rate fluctuations, but speculators take part in these markets as well. (For a more in-depth introduction to futures, see Futures Fundamentals.)
Note that you'll see the terms: FX, forex, foreign-exchange market and currency market. These terms are synonymous and all refer to the forex market.
Read more: Forex Tutorial: What is Forex Trading? https://www.investopedia.com/university/forexmarket/forex1.asp#ixzz525bWN7J6
Follow us: Investopedia on Facebook
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